Journal: Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Article Title: Synaptophysin Is a Reliable Marker for Axonal Damage.

doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw114

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 1. (A–C) Representative sections illustrate immunohistochemical staining for synaptophysin (Syp) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (A), cerebellum (B), and corpus callosum (C) of untreated control mice. (D) Accumulation of synaptophysin- positive vesicles ¼ spheroids/ovoids/bulbs in the corpus callosum of a cuprizone-treated mouse. Arrows indicate the different sizes of synaptophysin-positive-spheroids; small [S],<2 mm (as in panel C); middle-sized [M], 2–7.5 mm; large [L], 8–15 mm, pathological size. (E, F) Graphs show numbers of different sized synaptophysin-positive spheroids in the corpus callosum during acute (5 weeks, E) and chronic (12 weeks, F) demyelination followed by remyelination after stopping cuprizone. Significant effects between different time points were calculated separately for each type/size of bulbs (*p <0.05, **p < 0.01, **p < 0.001). Significant effects for different cuprizone time treatments in comparison to the untreated control: #p< 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001), n ¼ 4–6. (G, H) Representative images show synaptophysin-positive bulbs in the demyelinated hippocampus (G) and internal capsule (H). (I-K) Representative images show that synaptophysin does not colocalize with the oligodendroglial marker Nogo-A (I), the astrocytic marker GFAP (J), or with the microglial marker Iba-1 (K). Scale bar in (K)¼ 100 mm, applies to (I) and (J).

Article Snippet: We used 2 different antibodies for synaptophysin: a mouse monoclonal IgG from Serotec and rabbit monoclonal from Abcam.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Control, Comparison, Marker

Journal: Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Article Title: Synaptophysin Is a Reliable Marker for Axonal Damage.

doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw114

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 2. (A, B) Graphs represent the quantitative analysis of APP, synaptophysin (Syp), and double-positive spheroids in the corpus callosum of cuprizone-treated mice with acute demyelination (A) and chronic demyelination (B). Two-way ANOVA analysis identify that there were no significant differences between numbers of APP- and synaptophysin-positive spheroids during

Article Snippet: We used 2 different antibodies for synaptophysin: a mouse monoclonal IgG from Serotec and rabbit monoclonal from Abcam.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Article Title: Synaptophysin Is a Reliable Marker for Axonal Damage.

doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw114

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 3. Immunohistochemical staining of the corpus callosum evaluating phosphorylation of neurofilaments and their colocalization with synaptophysin (Syp) during cuprizone-induced demyelination. (A–H) SMI-32 detecting non-phosphorylated heavy neurofilaments are shown in panels (A, C, E, G). SMI-312 detecting phosphorylated neurofilaments H and M are

Article Snippet: We used 2 different antibodies for synaptophysin: a mouse monoclonal IgG from Serotec and rabbit monoclonal from Abcam.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Article Title: Synaptophysin Is a Reliable Marker for Axonal Damage.

doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw114

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 5. (A-P) Representative sections show immunostaining in the corpus callosum for synaptophysin/Iba-1 (A-F) and synaptophysin/ PLP (G–L) during acute and chronic cuprizone induced demyelination and subsequent remyelination. Inserts in (A–F) show the morphology/shape of microglia identifying their activation state. Inserts in (G–L) show higher magnification of synaptophysin accumulations. Panels (M) and (N) are confocal images from RCA-1 (microglia activation marker, green) and synaptophysin (red) during inflammation in cuprizone-treated mice. Panels (O) and (P) show remyelinated axons (PLP, green) with internal synaptophysin accumulation (red).

Article Snippet: We used 2 different antibodies for synaptophysin: a mouse monoclonal IgG from Serotec and rabbit monoclonal from Abcam.

Techniques: Immunostaining, Activation Assay, Marker

Journal: Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Article Title: Synaptophysin Is a Reliable Marker for Axonal Damage.

doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw114

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 6. The appearance of synaptophysin (Syp)-positive pathological (medium-and large-sized) spheroids was compared and correlated with the extent of demyelination (proteolipid protein: PLP, myelin basic protein: MBP) and microglia infiltration (Iba-1) induced by cuprizone feeding (acute or chronic). (A, B) Graphs show the extent of microglia accumulation, appearance of pathological synaptophysin bulbs and the extent of de- and remyelination as judged by scoring of MBP and PLP immunostaining. Score of 3 represents complete myelination; score of 0 represents complete demyelination. (C–H) Correlation analyses of synaptophysin-positive bulbs with the extent of de- and remyelination and microglia numbers (n ¼ 5–6).

Article Snippet: We used 2 different antibodies for synaptophysin: a mouse monoclonal IgG from Serotec and rabbit monoclonal from Abcam.

Techniques: Immunostaining

Journal: Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Article Title: Synaptophysin Is a Reliable Marker for Axonal Damage.

doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw114

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 8. (A–C) Graphs show microglia/macrophage infiltration (A) and the course of demyelination (B) during Theiler’s virus induced encephalomyelitis in the thoracic segment of murine spinal cord. (C) Panel shows the appearance of pathologic accumulation of synaptophysin (Syp). Significant effects between different time points were indicated as: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, **p < 0.001. Significant effects for different time treatments in comparison to the untreated control are indicated as: # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001), n ¼ 4–6. (D–H) Representative images of thoracic spinal cord segment illustrate infiltration of microglia/macrophage at different days after the injection of Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus. (I–U) Panel (I) shows the appearance of synaptophysin-positive bulbs exclusively in the demyelinated area; (J) and (K) illustrate the appearance of synaptophysin-positive spheroids surrounded by activated microglia/macrophages. (L–N) Colocalization of synaptophysin and APP in the spheroid structures. (O–U) Serial staining of the same spinal cord area during Theiler’s virus induced encephalomyelitis (O, synaptophysin/PLP double staining; P, synaptophysin/Iba-1 double staining; R, synaptophysin/APP double staining; S–U, higher magnification of area shown in R).

Article Snippet: We used 2 different antibodies for synaptophysin: a mouse monoclonal IgG from Serotec and rabbit monoclonal from Abcam.

Techniques: Virus, Comparison, Control, Injection, Staining, Double Staining

Journal: Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology

Article Title: Synaptophysin Is a Reliable Marker for Axonal Damage.

doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlw114

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 9. Representative images show the expression of synaptophysin (Syp) in CNS tissue of 2 different patients with MS. (A– H) Different immunohistochemical stainings from a chronic active MS lesion (serial sections). Panels (E) and (F) show the higher magnifications from boxed areas 1 in (C) and (D). Panels (G) and (H) demonstrate higher magnification from boxed areas 2 in (C) and D. (I–K) Representative double immunostaining for synaptophysin and Iba-1 demonstrate microglia accumulation (I) and proving colocalization of APP and synaptophysin (J, K). (L–O) Demyelination/inflammation/axonal damage in another MS lesion. DAB staining in (L) and (M) illustrate the extent of demyelination (PLP) and inflammation (LN3 marks HLA-DR-positive cells: lymphocytes and macrophages) in this MS lesion. Panels N and O show higher magnification of the boxed are from this lesion in (L) and (M) demonstrating double expression of APP and synaptophysin in (N) and double staining of PLP and synaptophysin in (O). (P–U) Corpora amylacea are immunostain-positive for APP (P, S), and NeuN (U), but not synaptophysin (R, T).

Article Snippet: We used 2 different antibodies for synaptophysin: a mouse monoclonal IgG from Serotec and rabbit monoclonal from Abcam.

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining, Double Immunostaining, Staining, Double Staining

Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

Article Title: Integrating Network Pharmacology and Component Analysis to Study the Potential Mechanisms of Qi-Fu-Yin Decoction in Treating Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S402624

Figure Lengend Snippet: Primer Sequence of Target Gene and Internal Reference Gene

Article Snippet: D-galactose was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. Piracetam was purchased from Tianjin Jinshi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd; The primary antibodies for Bcl-2, Caspase-1, Bax, PSD95, SYP and β-actin were purchased from Wuhan Boster Biological Technology Co., Ltd. IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α ELISA kits were obtained from Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd. DAPI purchased from Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd.

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

Article Title: Integrating Network Pharmacology and Component Analysis to Study the Potential Mechanisms of Qi-Fu-Yin Decoction in Treating Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S402624

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of QFY on synapses and neuronal apoptosis. ( A ) The expression of PSD95 and SYP protein in mice hippocampus. ( B ) Amplification curve, fusion curve and mRNA expression of PSD95 and SYP. ( C ) The expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-1 protein in mice hippocampus. n = 5 in each group, ** P < 0.01 vs the con group; ## P < 0.01 vs the model group.

Article Snippet: D-galactose was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. Piracetam was purchased from Tianjin Jinshi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd; The primary antibodies for Bcl-2, Caspase-1, Bax, PSD95, SYP and β-actin were purchased from Wuhan Boster Biological Technology Co., Ltd. IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α ELISA kits were obtained from Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd. DAPI purchased from Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd.

Techniques: Expressing, Amplification

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Developmental timing of auditory deprivation influences spatial memory and hippocampal plasticity in rats

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-26704-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Western blot analysis representative image bands of BDNF, synaptophysin, and PSD-95 in the hippocampus ( B ) Quantitative representation of the protein expression levels in the hippocampus, normalized to β-actin. Data are represented as mean ± SD. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 show the comparison between control and CA groups and # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, and ### P < 0.001 show the comparisons between the groups. No splicing or image manipulation was performed. The PVDF membranes were not cut before antibody incubation. Only grayscale conversion and uniform brightness and contrast adjustments were applied to improve clarity. Full-length blots are available in Fig. S2.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked using bovine serum albumin (BSA) in 0.1% Tween 20 for 1 h. Then, the membranes were incubated overnight at 4oC with specific primary antibodies: rabbit anti- BDNF antibody (orb10181, Biorbyt, Wuhan, China, 1:300), rabbit Anti-PSD95 antibody (orb500730, Biorbyt, Wuhan, China, 1:1000), rabbit anti-Synaptophysin antibody (orb704356, Biorbyt, Wuhan, China, 1:600), and rabbit anti-beta Actin antibody (GTX109639, Genetex, USA, 1:1000).

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Comparison, Control, Incubation

Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Article Title: Metabolic switching, growth kinetics and cell yields in the scalable manufacture of stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells

doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03574-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunohistochemistry antibodies

Article Snippet: Synaptophysin , Novus , NB120-16659 , 1:50.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry